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The Vyborg Governorate was a Russian Governorate 1744-1812, which was established in territories ceded by the Swedish Empire in the Great Northern War. By the Treaty of Nystad in 1721, Sweden formally ceded control of the parts of the Viborg and Nyslott County and the Kexholm County located on the Karelian Isthmus and Lake Ladoga area to Russia. First these ares were part of the Saint Petersburg Governorate. Vyborg Governorate was established in 1744 when Sweden ceded control of parts of Kymmenegård and Nyslott County by the Treaty of Åbo. In Sweden and Finland the governorate was also known as Old Finland ((スウェーデン語:Gamla Finland), (フィンランド語:Vanha Suomi)), and between 1802 and 1812 it was named the "Finland Governorate". During the Napoleonic Wars, the Kingdom of Sweden had allied itself with the Russian Empire, United Kingdom and the other parties against Napoleonic France. However, following the treaty of Treaty of Tilsit in 1807, Russia made peace with France. In 1808, and supported by France, Russia successfully challenged the Swedish control over Finland in the Finnish War. In the Treaty of Fredrikshamn on September 17, 1809 Sweden was obliged to cede all its territory in Finland, east of the Torne River, to Russia. The ceded territories became a part of the Russian Empire and was reconstituted into the Grand Duchy of Finland, with the Russian Tsar as Grand Duke. In 1812 the area of Vyborg Governorate was transferred from Russia proper to the grand duchy and established as Viipuri Province. The transfer, announced Tsar Alexander I just before Christmas, on December 23, 1811 O.S. (January 4, 1812 N.S.), can be seen as a symbolic gesture and an attempt to appease the sentiment of the Finnish population, which had just experienced Russian conquest of their country by force in the Finnish War. == Governors == 1744 - 1744 Yury Nikitich Repnin 1745 - 1752 Afanasey Isakov (acting) 1752 - 1754 Johann Christoph von Keyser 1754 - 1766 Afanasey Isakov 1766 - 1778 Nikolaus Hendrik von Engelhardt 1779 - 1780 Yevgeny Petrovich Kashkin 1780 - 1782 Pyotr Alekseyevich Stupishin 1782 - 1785 Wilhelm Heinrich von Engelhardt 1785 - 1785 Alexander Magnus von Peutling 1785 - 1793 Karl Johann von Günzel (acting) 1793 - 1797 Fyodor Pavlovich Shcherbatov 1797 - 1799 Karl Magnus von Rüdinger 1799 - 1799 Pyotr Vasilyevich Zheltuhin 1799 - 1804 Magnus Orraeus 1804 - 1808 Nikolay Fyodorovich Emin 1808 - 1811 Ivan Jakovlevich Buharin 1811 - 1812 Johan Gustaf Winter 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Vyborg Governorate」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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